Zombie Concepts Off Zone Runs

By Brian Rochon
Offensive Coordinator
Plymouth High School

Introduction:

jamarlOur offense, while somewhat dictated by personnel strengths from year to year, is firmly rooted in the outside and inside zone schemes. Variations of the outside and inside zone encompass probably 80% of our run schemes. This allows us to minimize the amount of thinking by our offensive line and helps us play at a fast tempo. The use of simple adjustments presents the illusion of complexity to the defense and meshes well with simple variations in who we’re reading, secondary manipulations and other tags. We are constantly saying, “We have two run plays!” While we certainly have more than two run calls, at our core we going to make our living on the outside and inside zone.

One thing that makes us unique is our ability to vary which front 7 defender we are reading all within our basic OZ and IZ schemes. The “zombie” concept, which will be the focus of this particle, is a variation that we picked up from current Indiana State Head Coach Mike Sanford while he was the OC at Louisville. As Coach Sanford explained to me, the zombie concept involves a zone scheme on the frontside of the play and a man scheme on the backside of the play. Hence the term “zombie” (Zone Onside…Man Backside = ZOMBie.)

The main thrust of the zombie concept is that it allows us to read an inside linebacker. This puts a 2nd level defender in conflict rather than the backside defensive end on our traditional zone read scheme, the front side defensive end on our flow scheme, or the backside tackle on our midline scheme. We can run the zombie concept off of our outside zone read action or our inside zone read action, depending on the game plan that week as well as the strengths of the opponent’s linebackers.

Zombie Outside Zone

When we have the correct personnel to do so, we absolutely love the stretch play at Plymouth. It allows us to get our best athletes the ball on the edge, which has the potential to be explosive at any level of football. Once we have established the outside read play, teams will often tell their inside linebackers to sprint laterally as soon as they see stretch action from our offensive line. This is where the zombie concept becomes so dangerous.

More often than not, that back side linebacker will sprint himself out of his gap integrity as he tries to get over the top. As he flies into the play side B/C gap to help with stretch, the QB will end up running right behind his shoulder pads.

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The rules and adjustments for outside zone zombie are as follows:

Play Side Tackle, Play Side Guard, & Center – 1st step is a flat sprint step looking to gain a man and a half. Stay low and work the back side hand to far side number of the defender followed by the play side hand working over the top of the defender. If he is unable to execute the reach, execute the proper tandem concept as a last resort.

Back Side Guard – Against a zero technique nose guard, he will combo with center driving to the play side. Against a 1 or 3 technique, he will step at the crotch of the on defender and drive. It is critical that he create movement as the quarterback’s running lane depends on this block.

Back Side Tackle – Against a 4 technique, we will have him use his outside base technique. Against a 5 technique, he can outside base or vertical set. It is critical that he does not let the defender cross his face.

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Individual and Unit Pass Rush Teaching Progressions

By Joe Coniglio
Defensive Line Coach
University of Rhode Island

 

Introduction

rhodeislandAt the University of Rhode Island we want to develop our defensive line as a unit based off cohesion and trust. In passing situations, we will disrupt QB rhythm with a pre-snap plan (straight rush or game). Our unit will be master communicators, giving us the best opportunity to rush the passer as a group. We will be active, violent pass rushers who play with effort and a relentless motor. Our objectives are to have a winning get off, work a pass rush every snap, and counter (at QB level) to keep him in the pocket. We believe if we do these three things, it will equal success.

Our Edge

The underlying principle of Rhode Island defensive line play is ‘stimulus response’ (get off). This is the speed of our reaction when our visual target moves. This principle is used on every snap. Our goal is to have the best “get off” in the country. In passing situations we teach our players to rush on ‘their terms’, which simply means to make the offensive lineman make a decision before he is prepared to. With this, we must stress the offensive lineman with speed and make him reactive to us. Every week we will identify what moves first on an offensive lineman, or a cue from an offensive player and focus on it the entire week. That is what we consider our ‘weekly target’. There will be certain instances when we will key the football such as in silent counts or when the offensive lineman is slow out of his stance. Once our target moves or the ball is snapped, we will race and attack half-a-man taking a course to the QB. A great ‘stimulus response’ gives us the opportunity to rush on our terms. This forces the offensive lineman to give us his hands. In turn, we will work a violent move that highlights our strengths as a pass rusher. We take our numbers (his aiming point) away and flip our hips working them towards the QB. There are two ways to flip our hips, skate our feet or step our back foot in front of our lead foot helping us to direct our body. We will then accelerate to our aiming point on the QB.

Individual Pass Rushing Technique

Pass rush lanes are crucial to our development as an affective pass-rushing group. Once we understand the how to create an even pass rush we must focus on our development as individuals. Teaching our inside players and outside players to rush the passer are completely different teaching progressions. Our base belief is that defensive tackles (inside) are set on a horizontal plane and our defensive ends (outside) are set on a vertical plane in passing situations. With this, nothing changes in terms of their stimulus response and their active, violent get off. Instead, we understand that the defensive tackles must defeat a quick/horizontal sets rather than soft/vertical sets. We teach the ‘open square principle’ to enhance our defensive tackles block defeat skills against these sets. The way we instruct this principle is once our helmet aligns with an offensive lineman, we must take the vacant square.

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Their aiming point with their hands will be the elbow nearest the open square they are attacking while working half-a-man. The basic pass rush move for our interior defensive linemen is the club rip or swipe. We do not teach the swim as a finish due to the ability it gives the offensive lineman to give us a violent strike inside the breastplate and knock us off course. A swipe is a violent punch above the near shoulder pad, leaving a very small strike zone for an offensive lineman to recover. This principle has helped our players develop a symmetry with their hands and eyes giving them an opportunity to anticipate a quick set and have tools to defeat it.

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Red Zone Snag Off Orbit and Jet Motion

By Mike Kuchar
Senior Research Manager
X&O Labs
Twitter: @MikekKuchar

 

Introduction

The following research was conducted as part of XandOLabs.com special report on “Spread Passing Study: Snag Concept.”

Snag Off the Jet Sweep

Jim Ahern at Lansing Catholic High School (MI) will utilize the snag off his number one run action, the jet sweep which is usually from unbalanced sets. “We are an unbalanced set, with a flanker/tight end, and a twin set opposite that,” said Ahern. “The quarterback’s pre-snap read is the corner to see if he feels that the flag route might be open, and to check any possible blitz look. Post snap if he felt the flag route might be open, he peaks to see if it is there. If it is, he throws there. If it isn’t there, he will read the flat defender for the snag route or flat route. The reason that we have had success with the route is that it takes advantage of how defenses try to stop our jet play.”

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Applying “Circular Force” Fundamentals in Pass Protection

By Mike Kuchar
Senior Research Manager
X&O Labs
Twitter: @MikekKuchar

 

Introduction

The following research was conducted in part of X&O Labs special report on “Man Pass Protection Drills.”

ballstateConcept of Circular Force: Ball State University

According to John Strollo, the offensive line coach at Ball State University, force can be produced in three ways: push (straighten limbs to expel), pull (flex limbs together) and torque (twist trunk to throw). So, Coach Strollo made a commitment last season to focus on the torque movement and play with one hand foremost in pass protection. As he told us, “every sport is played with one foot foremost and one hand foremost including football. Most are, except for offensive linemen and weightlifting.” Coach Strollo found that linemen seldom move anyone with their punch. They can more effectively move him with their trunk, their legs and their hips. In order to do this, Coach Strollo teaches his players to use two hands to precisely apply force to a defender. One hand is foremost and anchors to the opponent while the other hand is held back. The coaching points of the circular force drill are below (Diagram 16).

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Can Your No Huddle Run Faster?

By Chuck Markiewicz

Head Coach

Arundel High School (MD)

 

 

 

Here at Arundel, we believe very strongly in General George S. Patton’s famed saying that “an imperfect plan implemented immediately and violently will always succeed better than a perfect plan.”  No part of our program better exemplifies that concept than the no huddle principles that we use to run our offense.  This article will cover in detail the way that we practice and employ different tempos and the communication system that we use to make it all happen.  As the quote above implies, these plans are by no means “perfect” as they are always a work in process.  The entire system has been derived over time from a wide variety of sources.  The key is that we worked to find out what worked best for us.

Our No Huddle Evolution

Our no huddle experiment all started with our team goals.  When I was a defensive coordinator in the 80’s, I was paranoid about all of the options that were open to the offense when we sat in one defensive look.  Later, when I became an Offensive Coordinator, I decided to put what I had learned on the other side of the ball to use and limit the looks that a defense was able to give us.  That is where the no huddle came in.  We combined the no huddle concepts with our Run and Shoot offense (from John Yaccino, Penn Trafford HS (PA).  From there our OC, Dave Doy, spearheaded the development of the system that we currently employ here at Arundel HS. We have found that a major key is to keep an open mind to ideas that fit our philosophy of coaching and playing the game.

The Importance of Possessions

Over the years our off season evaluation told us that we averaged a touchdown for every 3 possessions averaging 36 points per game. This was roughly our average until 2005 when we made a conscious decision to find some ways add 3 more possessions per game to try and up our average to 42 points per game. The project became trying to add things that would enable us to find those 3 more possessions.

We didn’t try to do this all in one year.  Our goal was to try to add something every year, test out our theory to see if it held up and add more the next year. We feel like our ideas have some merit because since we started to implement the changes in 2005 we have averaged over 42 points per game. We are still actively engaged in trying to find are still ways to add more possessions.

Here are some of the things that we have used to create additional possession:

  1. Added new tempo (Fastball) (2006)-Snap the ball as soon as it was ready for play. Our goal has become to snap the ball 100 times per game. Our highest total to date was in the 2005 State Championship game.
  2. Stressed Turnovers on Defense (2007)- A turnover circuit was implemented and practiced daily as a part of our pre game routine. Our ability to create and recover fumbles improved dramatically once we implemented this routine.
  3. We became a Punt Block Team exclusively (2008)-Stopped trying to return punts and became exclusively a punt block team. What we found was, other teams became so obsessed with protecting their punter that we were able to increase the yardage gained on punt return with an increased number of returns for a TD.
  4. Increase our 4th Down Conversion Rate (2009)-We made a conscious to decision to go for it on 4th down. Our OC knows prior to the drive whether he has 4 downs to use. We no longer make a snap decision to use all four downs. Our OC knows that he has four downs at the beginning of the drive. We feel that it takes some pressure off of his playcalling and drops the average per play from 3.3 yards per play to 2.2.
  5. Onside kick as a weapon  (2012) – We have devised a system that enables us to kick the ball to certain parts of the field and on side kick without taking an inordinate amount of practice time to accomplish our goals. It is still a work in progress. We have had a lot of fun coming up with a system that looks the same and attacks many different areas of the field. The onside kick has become a HUGE part of our special team s repertoire. Our offensive goals are as follows:

Creating Offensive Goals that Fit Our System

In addition to the possessions goal in place for the team, we created a set of goals and priorities for the offense that were aligned with the team philosophy.  Here is what our offense is trying to do:

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Research: Defining and Utilizing Tendencies

By Mike Kuchar

Senior Research Manager

X&O Labs

 

 

tendenciesIntroduction

What makes a tendency?  It was a common query among coaches that contributed to our special report on offensive and defensive game planning this pre-season.  We wanted to find out.  So, we surveyed those coaches who won at least half of their games over the last three seasons to find out their metrics on what should be noted and what should be ignored in game planning.  And now that the season is gearing towards the playoffs, their advice on what to spend time on (and what not to) could be vital for your success.

In order to do this, we send a five-question survey on how they define and utilize opponent’s tendencies on offense, defense and special teams.  Some of the reputable programs that contributed include:

Please Note: All current records were accurate as of 10/20/14

 

Xavier High School (CT), currently 6-0

Ben Davis High School (IN), currently 7-2

Winnetonka High School (MO), currently 7-2

Nassau Community College (NY), currently 6-0

West Florida High School (FL), currently 6-1

Xaverian Brothers High School (MA), currently 6-0

Westfield High School (VA), currently 6-1

Choctaw High School (OK), currently 6-1

Union County High School (GA), currently 7-1

 

 

Question #1:   

What is your definition of a tendency (this could be offensive or defensive)?

 

Analysis:

Without going the Webster’s route, we wanted to find out from coaches how they defined a tendency.   We all hear that term being thrown around a lot, but we were curious to see what coaches spend their time on preparing their players and what is ignored.  Their responses are below. 

 

Responses:

“For us, a tendency such as down and distance must be over 65 percent. We look at the formation and play we take the number play out of each.”- Andy Guyon, defensive coordinator, Xavier High School (CT).

“Tendency is anything that gives something away to the opposition based on what you are inclined to do (have shown to do in regularity).”- Ian Gardner, Quarterbacks Coach, Desert Eagle High School

“A clear pattern or tip-off based on specific formation, personnel, down/distance, etc.”- Zach Cunningham, Defensive Coordinator, Winnetonka High School

“An inclination to do something by personnel or formation that creates a recognizable and usable predictor.”- Tony Bowman, Defensive Line Coach, Kentucky Christian College

“Technically, a tendency would be anything that occurs more than 50% of the time.  However, to be useful, it should occur at least 75% of the time.”- Mark Bates,  Head Coach, Village Christian High School

“For us, the term means 3 things: statistical tendencies, the tactical tendencies of the play-caller and also the human tendencies of the kids we’ll be facing.  All good teams have certain tendencies, but a tendency is noteworthy only if it provides a specific weakness you can take advantage of.  For example, if you know your opponent plays an 8 man box but you also know you can’t win matchups on their corners, the information doesn’t help much.”- Joe Metzka, former Offensive Coordinator, O’Fallon High School

“My definition of a tendency is something that’s easily remembered by me, our coaches and our players that is a dead give away to the play our opponents are running at that given moment. I mean really think about it.  You can make nearly anything a tendency. It’s all about making the information work for you and your kids. I’ve had teams that could remember everything from alignment of the running back dictates the play, to knowing if it’s 2nd and 4-6 and their on our 35 on the right hash their running this play. The team I currently have can’t remember crap. I mean they barely remember their assignments, so throwing a bunch of extra information on top of them doesn’t help. Matter of fact it hurts us. The less info I give them the better we play.”- John Johnson, Defensive Coordinator, East Lawrence High School.

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Southern Oregon’s 20 Personnel Double Post Concept

By Matt Adkins
Passing Game Coordinator/Wide Receivers Coach
Southern Oregon University

 

Introduction:

sou1At SOU we want to take as many vertical shots in a game as possible. To do this we want to give the defense different stimulus, by not just running four verticals over and over and incorporating play action with our vertical passing. We run the double post concept at least twice a game, and usually more with different tags based on what the defense has given us in the game. In this report, I will be discussing the way that we run our double post concept out of our 20 or 11 personnel packages off of play action.

Why Play Action Double Post?

There are two reasons for why to play action the double post.

  1. Trigger the Mike: Make the Mike eat grass vertically to help widen the Sam/Mike window.
  2. Create easier access for the slot: If you can create any hesitation from the Sam (alley) you create free access for your slot making the safety decide faster.

Double Post Concept

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Release Rules and Depths

Single Side Receiver

Versus Off Coverage (as defined by off five yards): 7 steps vertical and three steps to the post. Break to the sidelines based on grass. We do not give our kids hard rules on whether to go over or under the corner, we expect him to be decisive and fast and see the same grass as our quarterback.
Versus Hard Coverage (as defined by under five yards): Solid take off. No release rules for inside or outside release, beat him with speed.

Logic – If the single side receiver is getting a “hard” corner, it is either man and we just want to get vertical against it to get the ball out quickly. Or it is a two-deep look, and we want to pull the safety off the hash for our double post side.

Slot Receiver

Slot – MOR (mandatory outside release) to the alley. Break to grass staying flat. We do no give hard rules in terms of landmarks. He must understand that he has two primary jobs:

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Odd Stack Pressures to Defend 21 Personnel

By Mike Kuchar
Senior Research Manager
X&O Labs
Twitter: @MikekKuchar

 

Editor’s Note: The following research was conducted as part of X&O Labs’ special report on “Developing a Pressure Check System” which can be accessed in full by clicking here.

xavier1Andy Guyon, the defensive coordinator at prep powerhouse Xavier High School (CT), operates out of a 3-3 front structure and will package his Thunder and Lightning pressure package based off offensive tendencies. In his Thunder pressure package, he will slant to the strength of the offensive formation and blitz off the weak side of the formation. It’s a man coverage concept where the corners will play number one, the free safety plays number two strong, the strong safety will play number two weak or number three strong while the remaining linebackers will combo the backs.

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Varying OL Techniques in the Power O

By Ryan Schleusner

Offensive Line Coach

Miami High School (OK)

 

neoAuthor’s Bio:  Ryan Schleusner has spent the past year as the Offensive Line Coach at Northeastern Oklahoma A&M Junior College.  I am currently the Offensive Line Coach and Run Game Coordinator for Miami (OK) High School.  I would first like to take the opportunity to thank Dan Ellis and X and O labs for the report on the Midline Play adapted off of Outside Zone blocking.  We implemented the play this past year, adjusting it to our inside zone framework and had great success with it.

 

 

 

We ran an up tempo shotgun spread offense this past year with elements of the pistol at times.  Our main run plays were Power Read, Counter Read and QB Counter Read.  These schemes were utilized to take advantage of our Offensive Line’s athleticism and to get the ball in our playmaker’s hands in space.  Using these scheme’s we were able to rush for over 225 yards per game and win the Southwest Junior College Football Conference Championship.  The main play’s that I will be talking about in this article are the Power Read, Counter Read and play action off of them both. 

Our base counter scheme from 10 personnel was installed as a basic gap scheme.  Everyone on the play side was responsible for their backside gap and looking to combo down linemen.  On the backside of the play either the guard or the center, depending on which has an immediate threat in their gap, would pull to kick out the playside end man on the line of scrimmage.  A lot of teams teach this block as either a kick or a log, depending on what the defense gives you.  I do not believe in teaching this way and demand that the puller kick out the EMOLS.  The reason the pull is to be passed between the guard and the center is to prevent penetration on the backside of the play  `1  The second puller is the backside tackle, who must read the block of the guard to determine if he is to insert himself under the kick out block or “bounce” the pull outside.  Although I do not give the guards the option of not kicking out the EMOLS, the tackle must still read this and be able to adapt to the EMOLS not getting properly kicked out.

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We did this for two reasons, the first one being that our center liked to pull and was good at it, so why not find ways to let him do it.  Secondly, leaving the backside guard to block out on the 3 technique allows the tackle to pull cleanly and not worry about getting knocked off of his pulling track by penetrating defensive lineman backside.  We would also occasionally motion a slot receiver into the backfield for a pitch option, as you will see in the clips.

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Play Calling the Middle Zone Concept

By Mike Kuchar
Senior Research Manager
X&O Labs
Twitter: @MikekKuchar

 

 

Introduction

fordhamWhile the middle zone continues its advancements among the football ranks, we found it imperative to research what were the most efficient fronts to run it against and how offensive line coaches were teaching their players to run it. We focused our research on alleviating some of the more common problems when utilizing the middle zone scheme, including blocking a play side 3-technique, blocking a play side shade and how to correctly teach the combination blocks at the point of attack.

Packaging the Play

John Donatelli, the offensive line coach at Towson University, talks to his offensive linemen about a pre-snap thought process that surrounds each of the schemes he runs. “In order to execute what I call a proper ‘pre-snap cerebral process,’ linemen must walk themselves through a few simple questions before the snap of the ball,” Coach Donatelli told us. “We have found that this approach has a variety of benefits. Understanding the play concept completely allows linemen to truly get an understanding before the snap of the ball as to how the defense will react to and fit the play. We are able to push our players far past their particular assignment and deepen their knowledge. We have found that this approach speaks to the individual player’s knowledge of the play and gives them a process to understand how their role in the scheme is impacted by those around them.”

This is the progression that our players here at Towson work through each play and the benefits of each individual question in Coach Donatelli’s words.

What is the play’s point of attack?

“We teach our players that this process starts with understanding “attack point” of the play. This forces the player to take his assignment to be more than just a line on a page. Instead, he is forced to determine how he can execute his assignment to enhance our team’s ability at the point of attack.”

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What is the alignment of the defenders?

“Analyzing the alignment of the defenders pre-snap is crucial to success. For us, that means taking account for more than just the defender lined up over him. We teach our players that they also must process how the two hard defenders to his right and left are aligned.”

Examples are below:

  • OT Alignment Keys: Includes the DE and DT or NT
  • OG Alignment Keys: Includes the NT and DT or DE
  • C Alignment Keys: Include the DT and NG

“In each case, the linemen will assess the width of each defender in regards to how tight or lose in alignment they are. The linemen must be trained to then turn their attention to the alignment of the LB over him. When assessing the linebacker, the lineman must be sure to account for both the width and depth of LB’s position.

Assessing these three points will provide the lineman with a base understanding of what could possibly be occurring on the other side of the ball. In order to further his knowledge of the defense, the player must take his assessment to the next level and process more than just those three points, two hard defenders and one linebacker.

Once they get a handle on understanding those three points, we teach our players to assess their entire half of the defense. This would mean reading the pre-snap alignment of all the hard defenders (including opposite NG for the guards), linebackers and safeties on their side of the ball. Each individual lineman’s ability to process the alignment of these defenders will unlock the defense’s intentions (most of the time), giving your linemen the advantage.”

What can the defenders do from that alignment?

“After processing the alignment of the defenders, linemen will have a very good understanding of what the movement or pressure the defense is about to employ on any given play. At this point, the alignment information will converge with what each lineman has learned through the week of preparation and film study. In most cases, our players will have a very good idea what tactic the defense is about to employ based on the details of the alignments against our particular formation. This information helps the player make decisions about what tools to use (next step). The best part of this process is that over time we see our linemen being able to apply this knowledge of defensive structures on the fly. In some cases, they not need much specific film study to understand by pre-snap alignment what the defense is about to do. When your lineman get to that point, your offense is going to be able to able to adjust to almost anything in game situations.”

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New Research: Red Zone Preparation and Efficiency

By Mike Kuchar
Senior Research Manager
X&O Labs
Twitter: @MikekKuchar

 

Introduction:

Fact: 81 percent of offensive coordinators have a separate plan for the red zone. What’s more is 69 percent of these coaches will even vary their offensive system once they get inside the +20 yard line. In a game of situations, there is no question that efficiency in the red zone will mean the difference in wins and losses. During the course of our research on red zone efficiency, we took the responses of only those coaches who score touchdowns 75 percent or more this season in the red zone and present how they design their red zone attack, which personnel groupings and formations they use and which run/pass concept have given them the most success.

Red Zone Preparation

Football is a game of situations and perhaps no other situation is repped more than red zone offense. The majority of coaches are spending 11-15 minutes per week on practicing red zone offense (see below). While different coaches see the red zone as different landmarks on the field, we found that 59 percent of coaches consider the +20 yard line to the end zone to be the red zone (see below). So in an effort to make things more universal, we will use this landmark. In most situations, it is in that area of the field where offenses will start to alter their approach. Ask most defensive coordinators and they will tell you the “red zone” begins when an offense changes its play packages. We found this characteristic to be evident among offensive coaches. In fact, 69 percent of coaches say they will vary their offensive philosophy at least slightly upon entering the red zone. We wanted to research how more successful coaches are altering their game plan to be efficient in this area. So, we surveyed only those coaches who score touchdowns on at least 75 percent of red zone situations to see what they were doing differently. We found that because the field shrinks in that area, offenses are being uber aggressive in their play calling by mixing their base runs with complementary play action passing. Below are some of their responses.

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Phil Holmes, Oakmont High School: “You’re working with a condensed field. So, we have a special package of plays that differ in both personnel and scheme from our base offense. For instance, we’re largely a no-huddle, shotgun spread team (10 and 11 personnel), but we will go with heavy personnel groups (23 and 31 personnel) as we enter the Black Zone (inside 10 yds.). This enables us to bring in bigger bodies to help us in our power run game but, it also allows us to isolate our best receiver in a one-on-one match-up in the pass game.”

Will Lobendahn, Radford High School (HI): “It’s less field for the defense to cover. They are able to fill the box and for that main reason is why we bring either two true tight ends or other linemen to give the defense extra gaps to defend which gives us the opportunity to expose a weak point in the defense and attack that with double teams and or bringing extra blockers to a side.”

Travis Carswell, Miles College: “My approach is two fold: one we want to disguise our base run plays with play-action passing game. Secondly, we teach our guys that this is ‘5th down-territory’ so play calling gets very aggressive in this area.”

Bill DeFillippo, Livonia Churchill High School (MI): “We will utilize more runs to attack added pressure and blitz schemes. We do use a specific package of red zone routes in different areas of the red zone by field position. This has helped us tremendously with the vertical length of the field shrinking.”

Jim Glover, Jackson North Side High School: “The vertical depth of the field has changed significantly and we are expecting more blitz and zero coverage. We will use more motion and crossing patterns to take advantage of man coverage. We will also go to more compressed sets to increase the horizontal aspect of the field.”

James Stubkjaer, Sioux Falls Roosevelt High School (SD): “Most defenses play cover 0 in the red zone. That being said, we really like aspects of our offense that is formation driven, and what that gives us based on how defenses are playing us. For example, we like to go shotgun, one back, and run speed option in our run game. We also like to go in empty formations which allows us to run ‘pick’ routes, or our QB can use his ability to make plays.”

Joe Osovet, Nassau Community College (NY): “My red zone is not to have any TFL’s or sacks. We already have three points. We will run the ball down hill and throw our quick game. Once we hit the green zone (+14 to GL) everything is in play as far as play calling goes. I will take some chances and be creative with unbalanced or exotic formations. Let me clarify one important point. Your red zone & green zone changes every year and is predicated on where your kicker is ‘money’ from. This year our kicker was automatic from about 42 yards so our red zone was from the +30 in.”

Paul Bernstorf, St. Paul’s School (MN): “In the Red Zone we expect more blitz and pressure defenses so our pass patterns involve more rubs down in the red zone. We expect the defense to be more aggressive so often our QB will pull the ball more on Zone Read down here because the defense is pinching in on the RB.”

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Robber Coverage Adjustments to Defend 2×2 Open Sets

By Mike Kuchar
Senior Research Manager
X&O Labs
Twitter: @MikekKuchar

 

The following research was conducted is part of X&O Labs’ special report on the 4-2-5 defense, which can be accessed in its entirety by clicking here.

 

rp primary Mule Defense LWUResearchers’ Note: Before reading any further a simple clarification must be made. When referring to the 4-2-5 defense, we are referring to the PERSONNEL on the field, NOT the structure. The 4-2-5 defense consists of four defensive linemen, two linebackers, two cornerbacks and three safeties. Below, you will see some examples of two-safety defenses, one-safety defenses and no-safety defenses, which we’ve found could be employed by using 4-2-5 personnel.

Like most defensive structures, there are a myriad amount of coverages that a coordinator can play behind it, but we’ve found that to be successful coaches must subscribe to the “less in more” theory – get good at a doing a few things right (or playing only a few coverages). Typically speaking, those that consistently use the 4-2-5 structure implement the following coverages on a weekly basis. Because these coverages independently can be the subject of its own special report, we’ve decided just to give a brief overview and description of each before going into more depth later in the report.

Double Slot:

This formation was given the most attention when we started conducting our research, and with good reason. This formation is one of the most frequently used in football, particularly with spread teams that utilize four wide receiver sets. We’ve found that without question, this is the most problematic offensive structures for a 4-2-5 defense to defend simply because the offensive set is balanced, but the defensive structure is not. Simply put, a double slot offense has two viable “speed receivers,” which means it’s difficult to get that 3 over 2 matchup that is possible against 11 personnel tight end formation. So when X&O Labs posed the question of how most 4-2-5 coaches defend this set, many were concerned about two specific details:

  • How to handle that backside number two receiver away from the strong side of the defense.
  • How to handle the comeback or out breaking routes of any number one receiver against true Robber coverage when the corner is responsible for the deep half technique.

We’ve found that with the ball in the middle of the field, this problem only intensifies. With the ball on the hash, it seems like Robber could be the answer because that back side corner doesn’t have a long way to go to play the cheat halves technique, and the field comeback throw is a long distance to go. However, with the ball in the middle of the field, it’s “game on” for the offense. They can attack in equal space to either side of the formation. The question was whether coaches will play a split field coverage principle to double slot formations or will they use some sort of balanced two-deep structure like Cover 2 or Cover 4. Remarkably, most coaches were split on this topic, some preferred to stay in their Robber coverage, while some opted for more safer coverages. It seems to truly depend on how talented that number two receiver is away from the strength of the formation.

Some systems will run Robber scheme to 2×2 but rely on communication from the Strong Safety and Weak Safety because in effect, they control their halves of the field, the Strong safety will handle the read side, which will mainly be the field side (or most dominant receiver side) if in the middle of the field. The away side will be to the boundary.

Read Side (Robber Side):

The read side of coverage is simply Robber coverage but the difference is that the corner plays any number two receiver to the flat, not the strong safety in most robber schemes (Diagram 19). Our research found 45 percent of coaches will teach their corner to play any out route by number two, while 38.3 percent teach the strong safety to control it. It’s a detail that must be communicated by the strong safety, and as one can imagine, must be rehearsed frequently in order to be perfected.

For example, if the number two receiver runs an out route, the strong safety’s eyes go from number two to the number one receiver. He is playing curl to post on the number one receiver (Diagram 20). Some systems tell their cover players to read hips. So if the hips sink, that means the receiver is breaking his pattern off and is going to stop. If that happens, the safety jumps the pattern. If the hips don’t sink, the safety knows that there is a post route coming. He picks a junction point to intercept the post route and takes it.

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“Palms” and “Cathy” Coverage Adjustments to Open Sets

By Mike Kuchar
Senior Research Manager
X&O Labs
Twitter: @MikekKuchar

Editor’s Note: The following research was conducted as part of X&O Labs’ special report on Quarters Coverage, which can be accessed by clicking here.

Two-Read Coverage Rules:

In this type of coverage, the Corner’s rules are simple:

  • If number two is vertical (past linebacker depth) stay on number one (Diagram 3).

 

 

  • If number two is out, get off number one and play number-two (which is essentially becomes the new number one) (Diagram 4).
  • If number two is in, stay on top of number one (Diagram 5).

Alert Call

Since it is the defensive backs making these adjustments on field, anytime the offense comes out with a detached number two receiver and could be a vertical threat, Shap Boyd, the defensive coordinator at Muskingum College, uses an “Alert Call” made by his Safeties.  His rules are below:

Alert Call Rules:

CB Rules:

  • Squeeze #1 until #2 crosses your vertical
  • Do not chase, zone your quarter
  • If both WR disappears, then you can squeeze if #2 is running to the post or seam.
  • Watch the QB thru 3 steps before snapping eyes back to #1.
  • Flip your hips and skate

Safety Rules:

  • 12-15 yards off ball, on top of #2
  • If #2 is vertical- lock on #2
  • If #2 is out- get eyes to #1
  • If #2 drags- eyes go to QB and find work
  • “Don’t got until you know.  Find out what #1 is doing.”
  • Will LB must wall #2, look to #1 and expand for #3 pickup

The benefit of the Alert call is keeping the outside linebackers close to the core in run-downs.   Since both outside linebackers don’t have flat responsibilities, it allows them to stay what Boyd calls “the hip position” on the defensive end to their side.  Boyd uses it more on run downs or what he calls “tweener” downs when he’s not given a tendency on a run or pass.

Joey Wiles, the head coach at St. Johns High School (FL) uses the same coverage, but he calls it “Palms.” A scheme he took from the University of Oklahoma under Bob Stoops.  Although Wiles says he will play Palms vs. any formation, it’s particularly useful against 2×2 sets because it keeps the Will and Sam linebackers in his 4-3 scheme involved in the run game.

Palms Coverage (Diagram 6)

Joey Wiles, the head coach at St. Augustine High School, a powerhouse prep program in the Orlando (FL) area has been an advocate of running what he calls “Palms” coverage, a concept he got from Bob Stoops back in his Kansas State days.  According to Wiles, he’ll run Palms to any offensive structure.  “In one season we’ll see three ‘I’ formation teams, two Wing T teams, one triple option team and three or four spread teams,” said Wiles.  “We will run this against anything.”

The Palms coverage premise is based off the read of the number-two receiver.  Wiles says that they are “palmsing” number-two.  While we must admit we have no idea where the verbiage comes from (if you know where it comes from, post in the comments section below), the concept is extremely effective and the rules are simple:

Palms Coverage Rules:

  • If number two is vertical, the corner plays number one.
  • If number two runs a flat route, the corner comes off on number two and the free safety plays number one.

The Sam linebacker or Nickel will apex (split the difference) between number two and the offensive tackle (Diagram 7).  “Depending on how good number two is, sometimes we begin to creep him in a little bit.  On pass route, the Sam must take a straight backpedal for three steps and settles there.  We do not want him opening up and letting the number two receiver underneath.  The only thing that takes him off is number three to the flat (Diagram 8).”

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Michigan State’s Tags to Man Block Its Outside Zone Scheme

 By Mike Kuchar

Senior Research Manager

X&O Labs

Twitter: @MikekKuchar

 

 

 

statenAccording to Michigan State’s offensive line coach Mark Staten, the beauty of tagging the stretch concept is it negates penetration by turning a zone blocking concept into a man-blocking scheme. The Spartans are averaging 246 yards per game on the ground in 2014 and its Pin and Pull concept is a big reason why. Staten sat down with us to tell us about three tags he will use to get down blocks and angles at the point of attack. 

Editor’s Note: The following clinic report is transcribed from a first-person interview by XandOLabs.com with Michigan State offensive line coach Mark Staten. 

Introduction:

Simply put, Michigan State majors in the outside zone scheme, but minors in the pin and pull scheme. The Spartans offensive line coach Mark Staten contributed to X&O Labs’ study on the stretch or outside zone scheme (which can be found by clicking here) and he frequents offensive line clinics around the country lecturing on the nuances of the scheme. After all, the Spartans averaged over five yards per play on the outside zone in 2013. But what Staten doesn’t talk much about, until now, is what he does to counter defenses who start to flow with the rhythm of the outside zone concept and the answer lies in splitting the defense with a pin and pull concept. 

 

Scheme Work Relative to Pin and Pull:

Much of what Coach Staten teaches on the pin and pull concept is tied into the outside zone, so it’s imperative to start there. Michigan State classifies its zone concept into the following four derivatives: two-back zone, one-back zone, tight side zone and split side zone. The base rules for his offensive line in the zone play can be found below:

  1. Wide zone blocking scheme
  2. OL 18” splits – normal alignment
  3. Back Read EMOLOS
  4. Zone reach or tight reach
    1. Covered with help – Zone Reach
    2. Covered without help – Tight Reach
  5. Footwork
    1. Lateral Lead to Position
    2. Through the crotch of the defender
    3. Up the Field
  6. Uncovered is the short puller
  7. Backside is thin – chop / Sift DE to 2nd level
  8. Run off the ball when zone blocking. Great take off; use help to be aggressive
  9. Alert for line call adjustments (ie Zorro calls / Blocking call)

But as defenses start to flow, Staten will find ways to split them. “We do it for a few reasons,” Staten told us. “It stops the flow of the defense and it allows the TE (or PST in Stretch Weak) to attempt normal stretch reach and not tight reach as it would in the stretch play.” Staten will use the following tags in his Pin and Pull concept: Tag, Cage, Tex and Badger. These adjustments are described in more detail below:

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4 Change Ups in Perimeter Blocking the Option

By Paul Murphy
Head Coach
Waubonsie Valley High School (IL)

 

Introduction

DPH 5179-1Defending the option, on its most basic level, is all about identifying who has the dive, who has the QB, and who has the pitch back. Conversely, option offenses want to identify who has each of these assignments in order to create their game plan. There are a few ways the defense can try to defend the option, so it is important that the offense has an answer for each wrinkle the defense presents. Here are a few of the most common concepts that defenses have used against our triple option attack:

  • The CB is assigned to take the pitch, the OLB takes the QB and the DE and ILB have the dive.
  • The two-high safety runs the alley and takes the pitch, the OLB takes the QB, and the DE and ILB take the dive.
  • The DE takes the Dive, the inside linebacker scrapes over the top to take the QB, and the OLB handles the pitch responsibility. The safety is then a bonus player. Most 4 – 4 teams use their free safety to run the alley to the QB or pitch.

In order to combat these varying schemes, we use a few different tags for our perimeter blocking. Each of these concepts reveals how we want them to block our option concept. When teams overload to our two-receiver side to stop the option, we will teach our QB how to change the play the opposite way.

The tags for our perimeter blocking can be used with our other option plays as well. We came up with these tags so we could try to account for the players the defense was assigning to take the QB or Pitch back in the option game. Before we break down those tags, I want to briefly review our rules for our base triple option. They are as follows:

Blocking Responsibilities:

X – The receiver to the single receiver side will run a post route and sell the pass play and work to lull the back side corner to sleep. If done correctly, later we will be able to throw the back side post for a TD.

LT – Zone block to the left. He is working by himself so he cannot let the defender cross his face.

LG – Against an even front, he will combo with the center on a one or two-technique or solo block a three-technique. Against an odd front, he must listen for line call and the block either “Zulu” (zone block left) or “Wizard” (wedge block on NG).

Center – Against an even front, he will combo with the left guard on a one or two-technique or zone step left against a three-technique and climb to second level. Against an odd front, he must make line call, and block a Zulu or Wizard concept.

RG – Against an even front, he will combo with the right tackle on the three-technique or zone block solo left against a one or two-technique. Against an odd front, he will listen for the line call and execute a Zulu or Wizard block.

RT – Against a even front, combo with the right guard on three-technique or zone block solo to the left against a one or two-technique and climb to the second level. Against an odd front, he will listen for the line call and execute a Zulu or Wizard block.

Y – The Y must listen for the specific blocking tag call in the huddle. The tag will tell him who to block. Here are his assignments:

ARC means he is assigned block the deep safety to the inside

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